Elijah E. Hernandez
Thervingi
Before they became known as the Visigoths, this group was referred to as the “Thervingi”, a branch of the Gothic people. The Thervingi established themselves in the region around the Black Sea during the early centuries of the Common Era. As they migrated westward, they played a significant role in the dynamics of the late Roman Empire. The Thervingi were involved in various conflicts with the Romans, particularly during the 3rd and 4th centuries. Their identity evolved as they settled in the Balkans and eventually crossed into the Iberian Peninsula, where they became known as the Visigoths after establishing their kingdom in the early 5th century. This transition marked a crucial phase in their history, leading to their prominence in Hispania and the eventual establishment of the Visigothic Kingdom.
Visigoths
Before Ferdinand of Aragon, the Iberian Peninsula was significantly shaped by the Visigoths, a Germanic tribe that established a kingdom after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The Visigoths settled in the region around the early 5th century, after defeating the Romans and establishing their capital in Toledo around 554 AD. Their reign lasted approximately 300 years, during which they unified various tribes and influenced the cultural and political landscape of Hispania. The Visigothic Kingdom persisted until the early 8th century when it fell to the Muslim conquest in 711 AD. This marked the end of their rule, paving the way for the Reconquista, during which Ferdinand of Aragon, born in 1380, would later unite Aragon and Castile, ultimately leading to the establishment of a unified Spain.
Ferdinand I-IV
“Ferdinand I of Aragon” Ferdinand I, born in 1380 in Medina del Campo, Castile, was a prominent figure of the Trastámara dynasty. He ascended to the throne as King of Aragon in 1412, a position he held until his death on April 2, 1416, in Igualada, Aragon. The son of John I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon, Ferdinand I played a vital role in the consolidation of the Aragonese crown and was known for his efforts to stabilize the kingdom during a period of political fragmentation.”Ferdinand II of Aragon” Ferdinand II, commonly known as Ferdinand the Catholic, was born on March 10, 1452, in Sos del Rey Católico, Aragon. His reign began in 1479 and lasted until his death on January 23, 1516, in Madrigalejo, Extremadura. As a member of the Trastámara dynasty, Ferdinand II is best remembered for his marriage to Isabella I of Castile, which united the crowns of Aragon and Castile. Together, they completed the Reconquista by capturing Granada in 1492 and sponsored Christopher Columbus's voyages, laying the foundations for Spain's emergence as a global power. He was the son of John II of Aragon and Juana Enríquez.”Ferdinand III of Castile” Ferdinand III, born in 1199 near Zamora, León, was a king of significant historical importance. His reign spanned from 1217 to 1252 in Castile and from 1230 to 1252 in León. As a member of the House of Burgundy, he is celebrated for his role in the Reconquista, particularly for capturing key cities like Córdoba and Seville. Ferdinand III died on May 30, 1252, in Seville, and was later canonized for his piety and dedication to spreading Christianity. He was the son of Alfonso IX of León and Berengaria of Castile.”Ferdinand IV of Castile” Ferdinand IV was born on December 6, 1285, in Seville, Castile. His reign, from 1295 to 1312, was marked by internal strife among the nobility and conflicts with neighboring kingdoms. A member of the House of Ivrea, he faced significant challenges in consolidating royal authority. Ferdinand IV died on September 7, 1312, in Jaén, Castile. He was the son of Sancho IV of Castile and María de Molina. Together, these four figures significantly influenced the political landscape of Spain, contributing to its unification and expansion during crucial periods in its history.
Spanish Heritage in Italian Lands: The rise of Hernandez
The surname Hernandez has its roots in the Iberian Peninsula, particularly linked to Spanish heritage, and began to establish itself in Naples and Palermo during the late 15th and early 16th centuries. This period coincided with significant historical events, including the Spanish conquest of the Kingdom of Naples in 1503 and the broader influence of Spanish rule over Sicily. While many individuals with the surname may have Italian connections, the establishment of the name itself in these Italian cities reflects the migration and settlement patterns of Spanish nobility and merchants during the Renaissance. This era was marked by cultural exchanges and the blending of traditions, underscoring that while individuals bearing the surname might have settled in Italy, the name itself originated from Spanish lineage, distinguishing it from being inherently Italian.
Tracing Roots: Argentina, Mexico, and California
Entre Ríos is a province in Argentina located just northwest of Buenos Aires, separated by the Paraná River, which fosters significant cultural and economic ties between the two areas. Within Buenos Aires Province lies San Francisco Solano, a town named after Saint Francis, reflecting the Spanish influence permeating Argentine culture. Interestingly, the name San Francisco also connects to Northern California, where the city of San Francisco embodies a similar Spanish legacy. The term "Chicano," associated with the Chicano Movement, has connections to "Caló," a dialect that evolved from Lunfardo and Lombardo traditions which originated in the 19th century reflecting the Italian immigration, call attention to the ethnic fusion present in Buenos Aires. As a Sinaloense from Northern Mexico, you can claim a sense of "Nortenoship" for California by recognizing the intertwined histories and cultural influences that connect these regions. My Sinaloense heritage shares historical ties with Northern California through migration patterns and shared Spanish colonial roots that shaped both areas. Additionally, my surname connects to Argentine heritage, it further emphasizes a lineage that encompasses the diverse traditions of Lunfardo and Lombardo, which have influenced Chicano culture. Graduating high school in 2014 is significant for Nortenoship, as the number 14 is often associated with the Norteños social club, who identify with the Northern California and Mexican American communities. By acknowledging these connections, I can articulate a narrative of Nortenoship that celebrates the complex identities uniting Northern Mexico, Argentina, and Northern California.
Francisco Hernández de Toledo
Francisco Hernández de Toledo was a prominent figure born in Toledo, Spain, during the late 16th century. His origins in Toledo place him in a city known for its rich history and cultural significance, situated in the region of Castilla-La Mancha. This area was a center of learning and the arts, attracting scholars and intellectuals from various backgrounds. Hernández de Toledo's life was marked by a deep interest in natural history and medicine, leading him to become a notable botanist and physician. Hernández de Toledo is particularly recognized for his work in the study of plants and their medicinal properties. He traveled extensively throughout Spain and even ventured to the New World, where he documented the flora and fauna he encountered. His observations contributed significantly to the understanding of the natural world during a time when exploration was expanding rapidly.It is possible that Hernández de Toledo spent time in the vicinity of the Convento de La Purísima, a significant religious site in Toledo. This convent, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, was an important center for both spiritual life and education. Given the era's emphasis on the study of natural sciences, it is likely that he engaged with other scholars and religious figures at this convent, sharing knowledge and ideas.Throughout his life, Francisco Hernández de Toledo made substantial contributions to botany and medicine, becoming a respected figure in his field. His legacy lives on through his writings, which provided valuable insights into the plants of Spain and the New World. As a native of Toledo, he embodied the spirit of exploration and learning that characterized his time, leaving an enduring impact on both science and medicine.
Hernán Cortés
Hernán Cortés was born in 1485 in Medellín, Spain, and is best known for leading the expedition that resulted in the fall of the Aztec Empire and the establishment of Spanish rule in Mexico. His surname, "Cortés," is part of a common Spanish naming tradition, similar to "Hernandez," which comes from the name Hernando. Cortés sailed to the New World in 1504, where he quickly rose to prominence due to his military skills and determination. In 1519, he began his famous expedition to Mexico, and by 1521, he had captured Tenochtitlán, the capital of the Aztec Empire. He achieved this through a combination of forming alliances with local tribes who were enemies of the Aztecs and using superior military tactics, including the use of horses and firearms. During his journey, Cortés and his contemporaries named many geographical features, including Cerro Blanco, which translates to "White Hill." This name likely referred to the hill's bright appearance, possibly due to its light-colored rocks or vegetation. Cortés's actions had a profound impact on the region, leading to significant cultural exchanges but also devastating consequences for the indigenous populations. His legacy remains complex, as he is remembered both as an ambitious explorer and a key figure in the colonization of the Americas.
Pancho Villa
Pancho Villa, born José Doroteo Arango in 1878, emerged as one of the most formidable figures of the Mexican Revolution, a passionate period marked by a struggle for social and political reform. Renowned for his charismatic leadership and military prowess, Villa became a champion for the disenfranchised, particularly during pivotal confrontations such as those at Cerro Blanco, Chihuahua, Mexico where he staunchly defended the rights of impoverished peasants against the oppressive practices of wealthy landowners. His actions at Cerro Blanco epitomized his commitment to land redistribution and social justice, as he believed that the rural poor deserved access to the land that had been unjustly taken from them. Villa's revolutionary fervor resonated deeply with the ideals of equality and empowerment for marginalized communities, solidifying his legacy as a folk hero. Linguistically, the surname "Villa" shares roots with the city of Sevilla, deriving from the Latin word "vila," which means a country estate or farmhouse. This etymological connection reflects a broader cultural heritage in Spain, where surnames often indicate geographic origins or reflect societal structures. Thus, the name Villa not only signifies a link to the land but also embodies the historical narrative of class struggle and identity that Villa himself fought to reshape during the revolution.
Emiliano Zapata
Emiliano Zapata emerged as a pivotal figure in the Mexican Revolution during his establishment in Cerro Blanco, Chiapas, Zinacantan or (Land of Bats), Mexico where he championed the cause of agrarian reform and the rights of oppressed peasant communities. In the early 1900s, Zapata galvanized local farmers against oppressive landowners, embodying the struggles of the rural poor in a rapidly changing socio-political landscape. His leadership in Cerro Blanco exemplified his commitment to the principle of "Tierra y Libertad" (Land and Liberty), a slogan that resonated deeply with those yearning for social justice and equitable land distribution. The community became a symbol of resistance, influencing the broader revolutionary movement that sought to dismantle entrenched power structures and advocate for the disenfranchised. Zapata's legacy in Zapatismo endures as a potent ideology emphasizing grassroots organization, indigenous rights, and collective ownership, inspiring subsequent generations to continue the fight for social equity. In Cerro Blanco, he stands as a beacon of hope, representing the struggle for autonomy and empowerment, ensuring that the aspirations of marginalized communities remain at the forefront of Mexico’s ongoing quest for justice and reform.
Catholic/Christian Zapatismo
The concept of Catholic/Christian Zapatismo embodies a harmonious blend of our rich cultural heritage and deep-rooted Christian faith. Drawing inspiration from the Zapatista movement's principles of social justice, equality, and indigenous rights, Catholic/Christian Zapatismo seeks to promote positive change and empower our community.At its core, Catholic/Christian Zapatismo upholds the teachings of Jesus Christ, emphasizing compassion, love, and solidarity with the marginalized. It recognizes the importance of our indigenous traditions and values, honoring our ancestors' wisdom and connection to the land. Through this fusion of spirituality and cultural identity, we strive to create a society that embraces diversity, social equality, and the pursuit of justice.Interestingly, there is a possibility that I may be blood-related to Zinacantán, as the current president has the surname Hernández, though this remains just a theory due to Cerro Blanco Territory in Chiapas. Rejecting communism as an ideology, Catholic/Christian Zapatismo envisions a society where all individuals are respected and valued, while upholding the principles of democracy, freedom, and the right to self-determination. We believe in education and the power of Jesus Christ to keep us right, community engagement, and sustainable development to uplift our people and preserve our unique cultural heritage.
Interwoven Legacies: The Yuma, Navajo Hopi, and Chumash Tribe
The Yuma Quechan Indians, historically linked to the Saint Thomas Yuma Mission in Arizona, have relied on the Colorado River for sustenance and trade for generations. This vital waterway not only supports their daily needs but also plays a significant role in their cultural identity and social practices. The river serves as a lifeline, shaping their agricultural practices and providing resources essential for their survival. In addition to the Yuma Quechan, the Colorado River holds great significance for the Navajo Hopi Spider Indian Tribe, who incorporate its spiritual and cultural meanings into their traditions. The relationship between the Yuma and this tribe illustrates a profound connection to the land, emphasizing shared values and mutual respect for the natural world. The Yuma Mission, established in the 17th century, became a pivotal site for cultural exchange, where diverse traditions mingled and influenced one another. Similarly, the Chumash Indians at La Purísima Mission in Lompoc navigated the complexities of Spanish colonial life, adapting their long-standing traditions and crafts within the mission system. This adaptation allowed them to maintain aspects of their cultural heritage while integrating new elements introduced by European settlers. The La Purísima Catholic Church in Boyle Heights stands as a testament to this legacy, serving as a community hub that honors the rich cultural heritage of its parishioners and reflects the intertwining of indigenous and colonial histories.
Origins of Chicano
Caló, or Pachuco, is a slang derived from Mexican Spanish that emerged in the early 20th century in the Southwestern U.S., linked to the zoot-suit pachuco culture of the 1930s and 1940s. Chicano artist José Antonio Burciaga notes its roots in the Spanish gypsy dialect, blending influences from Hispanicized English, Anglicized Spanish, and archaic Spanish. Unique vocabulary from border culture, like "minjurne" for "mixture," reflects the expressive speech of migrant families. The language was also influenced by the playful dialect of Tepito in Mexico City, popularized by actor Germán Valdés. Caló evolved significantly during the Chicano Movement of the 1960s, becoming a cultural symbol as Chicanos engaged with counterculture. Caló, also known as Floricanto, was prominent in literature and gained mainstream attention through Cheech Marin's character "Cheech" in the 1970s Cheech and Chong films. By that time, "Pachuco" was often shortened to "Chuco," reflecting its El Paso roots. Pachucos were known for their distinctive zoot suits and identified as Chicanos. Unlike Spanglish, Caló features code-switching and shares similarities with Lunfardo, incorporating a diverse vocabulary and rhyming styles. Variations in pronunciation occur among speakers, leading to different spellings, such as "barrio" as "varrio" and "güero" as "huero." Caló has influenced various aspects of popular culture, appearing in films like **American Me** and **Blood In Blood Out**, and in the comedy of **Cheech and Chong**. It's featured in **Café Tacuba's** song "La Chilanga Banda" and explored by the theater group **Culture Clash**. Musicians like **Don Tosti**, **Lalo Guerrero**, and **Frost** have incorporated Caló, while artists and filmmakers such as **Edward James Olmos**, **Robert Rodriguez**, and **Gilbert "Magú" Luján** reflect Chicano themes. The TV series **George Lopez**, films like **Harsh Times**, **La Mission**, and **Mi Vida Loca**, and the publication **Lowrider Magazine** also highlight Chicano culture. **Sublime** and **Tin Tan** integrate elements of Caló, while **Zoot Suit** showcases Pachuco culture. **El Mero Perro** uses Caló in his music with Tejano and Chicano themes.
Roots and Resilience: A Journey Through Cultures
My lineage is a blend of diverse cultural backgrounds, encompassing Calo and Pachuco Chicano roots rooted in Spanish Gypsy and Lunfardo traditions from Buenos Aires, Argentina, associated with the San Francisco Solano Catholic Church. Although not born there, my bloodline ties back to Downey, with familial origins in Los Angeles that ties back to Boyle Heights deeply embedding this rich heritage within me. Additionally, I have connections to Saint Thomas Yuma Indian Mission in Winterhaven California (Arizona Mission District), La Purisima in Lompoc California, San Lorenzo of Zinacantan (Land of Bats), the Navajo Hopi Spider tribe of Arizona (Keresan Pueblo), Cerro Blanco from Andalusia Seville in Spain with roots in La Purisima de Toledo, Cerro Blanco of La Purisima in Sinaloa Mexico, and Roman heritage from Barceloneta, Puerto Rico. As a fourth-generation 90s Alumnus, defining my Chicano identity proves intricate, especially when faced with arguments attempting to gaslight and suggest that being a 90s Alumnus conflicts with having Spanish Gypsy heritage, or that one's place of residence or alumni status for their city that they grew up in dictates their cultural roots even though my place of residence and alumni status has cultural history for my possible cousins. Despite these challenges of the unconscious social indoctrination of socialism, Machiavelli tactics, power games, psychological warfare, gossip, scapegoating, and marginalization from the communist leftist disguised as Democrats and fascist right wing disguised as Republicans in the public and private educational systems, I proudly embrace my minority status in California, recognizing the various lineages that shapes who I am.
Surface Level Roots, A legacy of Identity
I was born in Downey, California, a city that reflects my Visigoth roots, symbolized by Downey High School. The Bear of Downey Calvary, with its origins in Seville, Spain, evokes the meaning of a "place of many bears," paralleling the California Bear on the state flag, which connects to historical sites like La Purisima Mission and San Francisco Solano Mission. As a baby, i was captivated by the stories of Hercules, only later to discover my ancestral ties to Andalusia, where the flag prominently features Hercules. As a child, I was obsessed with Batman, only to later learn of my ancestral ties to Zinacantan, known as the "land of bats." I also had a fearless fascination with spiders, often holding Black Widows in my hands, embodying the daredevil spirit associated with my last name, Hernandez. This adventurous trait resonated with my discovery of my connection to the Hopi Spider Tribe of Arizona and the Saint Thomas Yuma Indian Mission. Raised in Bellflower, I graduated high school in 2014, proudly wearing burgundy as my school colors, a significant representation of my identity for my Northern Roots of Sinaloa Mexico, San Francisco Solano in California, and Buenos Aires, Argentina. The Bellflower flower, found in Lombardy, Italy, connects to my cultural heritage, and Lombard derives from Lunfardo, which is simlar to Calo, the language foundational to Chicano identity. Lunfardo traditions and argot also flourished in the 19th century Buenos Aires, Argentina and San Francisco Solano is located in Buenos Aires Argentina. My cousins, with the last name Flores, symbolize flowers and further reinforce our connection to Bellflower, Illustrating the ethnic fabric of family and culture that shapes my identity.
Elijah E. Hernandez
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Elijah E. Hernandez
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